【官网战术指南】How to Play FM14: A Twelve Step Guide
本帖最后由 spanisheyes 于 2013-11-6 22:00 编辑在官网战术板块看到了这篇置顶的文章，该版版主写的：
How to Play FM14: A Twelve Step Guide
里面的思路很有启发意义，共享给大家。
翻译见 38楼 42楼
感谢 @hunteryyz @icecricketv 翻译。
========================以下是原文================================
How to Play FM14: A Twelve Step Guide
Before reading: There are many ways in which we interpret football. Some people believe that a team should always employ the same tactic, no matter the opposition, conditions, and match situation. Others believe that a tactical approach should be altered to take into account absolutely everything, giving instructions to play the ball more direct in wet weather, specific marking oppositional threats, changing formation in relation to the opposition's strengths and weaknesses, etc, etc. FM allows both playing styles, and all those in between, to achieve. The below advice is only intended to help people through the basics, after which their own preferred playing styles should begin to shine through. For those who followed my FM13 thread, very little of this will be new, although I have added depth here and there. Hopefully it refreshes your memory a little at the very least. For those reading this for the first time, I hope it stimulates the grey matter and helps with your enjoyment of FM14.
The Twelve Step Guide
1: Understand the core strategic concepts:
Philosophies/Styles: The philosophies/styles are mentality and creative freedom structures. They range from being very structured with low creative freedom, to being very unstructured with lots of creative freedom. A useful interpretation would be as follows:
Very Rigid: Each player is given a specific job and is supposed to stick to it (usually 5+ different jobs across a team)
Rigid: Players are assigned a responsibility that contributes to a specific element of play (Defence, defence & transition, transition & attack, attack)
Balanced: Players focus on their duty (Defend, Support, Attack)
Fluid: Players are given instructions to focus on defence or attack
Very Fluid: Players contribute to all aspects of play
As you can see, each step reduces the level of specialisation. At Very Rigid, you have five plus different jobs, Rigid four responsibilities, Balanced three duties, Fluid two focuses, Very Fluid one method. In Very Rigid philosophies, you expect players to stick to their job description, so can assign multiple specialist roles. In Very Fluid philosophies, you expect everybody to do a bit of everything, which means specialist roles are redundant.
I consider the following to be specialist roles:
Target Man
Poacher
False 9
Flank Target Man
Trequartista
Enganche
Advanced Playmaker
Deep Lying Playmaker
Regista
Ball Winning Midfielder
Anchor Man
Libero
These four roles can fit in either camp, depending on your interpretation.
Complete Forward
Defensive Forward
Shadow Striker
Defensive Winger
Box to Box Midfielder
Complete Wing Back
Ball Playing Defender
I consider the following to be generic roles:
Advanced Forward
Deep Lying Forward
Attacking Midfielder
Inside Forward
Winger
Central Midfielder
Wide Midfielder
Defensive Midfielder
Half Back
Wing Back
Full Back
Limited Full Back
Central Defender
Limited Defender
Sweeper
I don't include keepers, although you might want to regard a sweeper keeper as specialist.
I generally suggest the following as a good rule of thumb (consider the either/or roles as 0.5):
Very Rigid: 4-5 specialist roles
Rigid: 3-4 specialist roles
Standard: 2-3 specialist roles
Fluid: 1-2 specialist roles
Very Fluid: 0-1 specialist roles
Please note that these are my interpretations and not hard, fast rules. If you disagree and/or want to be more creative, fire away.
2: Adapt the roles to the player. You will find that many roles do not perfectly fit a player's strengths and weaknesses. Use the individual instructions to fine tune that player's skills to the role requirements. If you find you are fine tuning everything, it might be that you don't actually want the player to be performing that role at all and another one will be far more suited to his skill set. Don't blindly trust your Assistant!! Have a look and see. As player roles stick to the player, you can have one AMR set to an W/A role/duty, but another player with a skill set more attuned to creative passing set to a AP/S. You are no longer stuck to having the same roles active for all players without making lots of fiddly changes.
3: Become aware that the strategy names are more plastic than they seem. The defensive strategy still attacks on the counter, whereas the attacking strategy can still be defensively solid. Bar the two extremes (Contain and Overload), each strategy is both defensive and attacking. A good rule of thumb is that if you want to play with a lot of deep midfielders and a short passing game, choose a less attacking strategy, whereas if you want to have high, effective wingers and a direct style, choose a more attacking strategy.
4: Focus on roles and duties and their combinations. Make sure you have one Attack duty in defence, generally but not absolutely necessarily combined with one Support Duty (note, this includes the deepest wide players in your formation if you are not using the Full Back positions), one Attack Duty and one Defend Duty in midfield, and one Support Duty (or TQ or F9) in attack. This type of structure encourages movement between the lines, which is absolutely vital for a dynamic tactic that creates multiple chance types. It also ensures a tight defensive system in which the team defends en bloc, rather than in disconnected lines. If you play a lone FC formation, ensure he drops deep by giving him a support duty, a TQ or F9 role, as other roles run the risk of isolating him, resulting in his failure to contribute to play and relying on scraps and half chances. The exception is when playing an AMC directly behind him. In such formations, you might want your forward to stay high and range across the line to create space for the AMC to move into, so an AF/A or CF/A role/duty might be a better option. Make sure you have at least one no-nonsense midfielder role to break up play and provide a solid base for possession. If you want to use a playmaker, think about whether he'll be in the best position to hurt players, or will your approach see him isolated or marked out of the game. If you want to use a target man, consider whether his flick ons and knock downs will be easily picked up by a teammate.
5: Look at the team comparison page to determine how strong / weak your team is to the divisional average. Consider using the tactical adjustments to take advantage of / cover for this (e.g. if you have a very slow or lazy team, stand off more, whereas if they are quick and hard-working, press more). Although this will become less and less important as you shape your squad to a preferred style, the advantages gained from understanding how your team shapes up against divisional rivals could be vital when taking over a new club.
6: Use the team instructions to develop and save a favoured playing style, which should also suit your team strengths / weaknesses. For example, a highly technical team can sit deep and counter at pace, so using retain possession, pass into space, run at defence with a counter strategy may be worthwhile. A less technical but more physical team might want to impose themselves in a different way, so consider using more direct passing, hit early crosses, get stuck in with an attack strategy. There are all kind of possible ways to shape a playing style. At times you'll have a good enough squad to pick a style of your choosing, at times a style might be forced upon you. You might want to change styles on a match by match basis. There's no hard and fast rule. Just try to be logical in your combinations. Examples of different defensive styles can be found here. Examples of different attacking styles can be found here (deep possession and rapier countering a la Barcelona) and here (British fast-paced, direct winger attacks). Both are for earlier versions of FM, but should still be highly relevant to FM14. If you wish to partake in an FM14 thread about developing a playing style, then this thread on Arsenal is a fantastic place to start.
7: Before each match, consider looking at the weather conditions and the opposing team's formation to determine your match strategy. It can be very difficult to counter attack on a heavy, chewed up pitch, so you might have to abandon your preferred style and play an uglier game. You might want to expose an opponents lone wide player formation and exploit the flanks or look for overlap. You might be happy with your starting system. Although it's ultimately up to you how much you wish to adapt things in such circumstances, be aware that a lack of flexibility can sometimes be costly.
8: Look at the opposing team formation or player condition / skills and consider using OIs to counter them. You could use OIs to counter dangerous players or stop crosses coming in, or to target unfit, slow or cowardly players. Be wary of setting too many OIs as that can harm your team's overall structure.
9: Play the match dynamically. During the game, don't be afraid to change things up through shouts and strategies if things are not working. Do it logically rather than willy nilly though. For example, assuming going more attacking equals more goals might be a bad move, especially if the opposition is sitting deep and packing the final third with defensive players. If you see such a pattern, you might find that sitting deeper and countering will produce more chances than becoming more aggressive, as it will pull the opposition out a bit more. Once you've scored, decide whether you want to push for more goals or hang onto a lead and change things / keep things the same based on that decision. Over time, you'll learn to trust your in-match decisions and develop a system that works for you. You'll know what to change, when to change and when to trust your team to just get on with it.
10: Realise that team talks are contextual. They do not relate to the scoreline, rather how expected the scoreline is versus the quality / reputation of the opposition and the football you actually played. Sometimes you can be delighted at 0-0, at other times, if you've scraped a 2-0 lead with very few chances against a poor team, warning the team against complacency is required. React to what you think should have happened, not the scoreline. It's worth noting that although team talks and media interactions generally do not have a huge influence on how a match plays out, they can do. Sometimes a good motivational strategy will result in a player having the game of his life, and vice versa. Consequently, it can be worthwhile carefully considering your motivational strategy before key games, as it might make a subtle but vital difference during squeaky bum time.
11: Never stop learning. I worked out why my pass into space strategy wasn't working when I employed an attacking strategy. Watching through the match after a dour 0-0, it became obvious to me that everyone was rushing so far forward that my main deep creators were my BWM and FB/S. Not ideal. However, with a less aggressive strategy, my main deep creators were my AP and W/S, which was what I wanted. Hence, I abandoned the attacking strategy and played on the counter as a standard approach, changing my roles and shouts if I ever decided to play more aggressively (usually because of the weather / pitch conditions). If things aren't working as expected, there are always clues in the game if you watch closely enough.
12: Finally, if you get stuck and frustrated come to visit the tactics forum and explain your problem. As long as you are clear and detailed, then it is very unusual for us not to be able to help.
For further and deeper insight into fluidity/rigidity, passing styles, formations and getting your full backs working, please read this post: http://community.sigames.com/showthr...=1#post9150212
Good luck and play well. Remember, we are here to help. We all want you to enjoy FM14 as much as we are. 求翻译 这个里面有一个关于fluidity设置的计算方法，很新颖
作者把球员角色分成了3类，分值分别是1分、0.5分和0分，11个角色分值加起来后，看总分来选择fluidity
1分的角色：
Target Man
Poacher
False 9
Flank Target Man
Trequartista
Enganche
Advanced Playmaker
Deep Lying Playmaker
Regista
Ball Winning Midfielder
Anchor Man
Libero
0.5分的角色：
Complete Forward
Defensive Forward
Shadow Striker
Defensive Winger
Box to Box Midfielder
Complete Wing Back
Ball Playing Defender
其他算0分。
加起来后，对应的fluidity为：
Very Rigid: 4-5
Rigid: 3-4
Standard:
Fluid: 1-2
Very Fluid: 0-1
我试着用这个改了改我的战术，感觉靠谱，效果挺好。
Mark 谁敢翻译下么:ljh034) 感觉有那么点意思。 顶完在看论坛就是需要这种有营养的帖子放眼望去论坛大部分都是各色水贴:ljh014) franksblow 发表于 2013-11-3 15:23 static/image/common/back.gif
先mark一下
3L说的是第一条，很有创意啊貌似。
对，我觉得这个也很有道理
现在不能手动控制是否插上，几条线保持连续就更重要了。
求高手翻译，希望版主发点PGB奖励下 这个不错。。得慢慢看
比如第7点 天气情况
7: 比赛前，要注意观察天气情况。如果是恶劣的环境，非常难使用反击。你可能会忽略你习惯的战术，而使用比较难看一些的。 franksblow 发表于 2013-11-3 15:23 static/image/common/back.gif
先mark一下
3L说的是第一条，很有创意啊貌似。
如果单前锋呢？设置成策应最好？ 那么长。。。。。。慢慢看 这个对我来说有难道！ 很新的理论啊，感觉很有意思，好好研究一下 1. 明白战术的核心概念
十分严格：每个球员有自己的工作 (通常有5+个工作在一队球队)
严格：球员被分配的工作有助于发挥他们的优点 (防守,防守和过渡（由守转攻），过渡（由守转攻）和进攻，进攻)
平衡：球员专注于自己的职责 (防守，策应，进攻)
自由：球员能得到指示集中在防守或进攻
十分自由：球员能发挥他们各个方面的优点
关于fluidity设置的计算方法，请参考3楼
2. 适应球员的作用。你会发现很多作用是不完全适合一个球员的优点和缺点。用个人指示(individual instructions)进行微调来让球员的技巧切合你的要求。如果你发现你是微调所有事情, 这可能是你事实上并不希望该球员执行该位置上的要求和另外一个位置上的要求将是更为适合他的技术。
不要盲目地相信自己的助教,例如右翼(AMR) 可以设置为边锋/进攻(W/A), 但另一个右翼有较高的创造力, 你可以设置为前场组织核心/策应(AP/S)。 感觉他提出的心态选择很有意思，从counter到 attacking都是 攻守兼备的，控制的阵型的前压程度。
如果发现抢球机器承担了组织责任，那就将心态调低，会发现AP成为真正的组织核心，避免了球员陷入对方防守球员包围 3: Become aware that the strategy names are more plastic than they seem. The defensive strategy still attacks on the counter, whereas the attacking strategy can still be defensively solid. Bar the two extremes (Contain and Overload), each strategy is both defensive and attacking. A good rule of thumb is that if you want to play with a lot of deep midfielders and a short passing game, choose a less attacking strategy, whereas if you want to have high, effective wingers and a direct style, choose a more attacking strategy.
比赛心态（进攻或者防守）远比他们的名字看起来更有可塑性，防守心态在反击的时候也会进攻，进攻心态也会防守，除了两个极端（死守和全力进攻），每个心态都有攻有受。一个好的策略是，当你有很多拖后的中场和选择短传的时候，选择一个不太进攻的心态；然而当你有很牛的有效率的边锋并且选择直传的时候，选择一个更偏向进攻的心态。 9.“动态的”踢比赛。在比赛进行当中，如果当前的策略不管用，不要害怕去改变它们。要有逻辑的做改变。比如说单纯的认为选择更进攻的心态等于更多进球无疑是错误的，特别是当你的对手在后场摆大巴的时候。如果你遇到这种情况，在选择保持控球并且反击可以制造更多的机会，因为保持控球可以把对手从他们的半场拉出来。一旦你进球了，那么根据你继续进攻争取再进一个还是选择守住胜利来改变或者保持当前的战术。慢慢滴，你就会学会相信你自己的选择并且总结出一套适合自己的系统。你将会学会什么适合进行改变，怎么改变；以及什么时候选择相信你的球队，放手让他们按照当前的战术继续比赛。 这代等于一人一位置一设置，太坑爹了……:L