【转载】fm14战术详尽解释，全面总结
本帖最后由 azk2013 于 2014-2-13 22:09 编辑本来是想自己翻译一下再发给大家的，无奈作者写得太多太详细了，本人精力实在有限，难以保证翻译质量。这里我就负责板砖，把原作者总结的fm14战术设计全部搬到这里来。求翻译大神们帮助（人肉翻译的那个帅哥~~~ 求再次出击）。
原作分为4篇：
（1）如何创建战术（2楼）：http://www.mypassion4footballmanager.com/2013/11/create-football-manager-2014-tactics-with-squad-analysis.html
（2）战术风格： http://www.mypassion4footballmanager.com/2013/11/football-manager-tactics-guide-playing-styles.html
（3）球队设置：http://www.mypassion4footballmanager.com/2013/11/football-manager-team-instructions-anayzing-shouts.html
（4）球员设置：http://www.mypassion4footballmanager.com/2013/12/football-manager-player-instructions.html
原文中作者详详细细，图文并茂 阐述了 fm14战术版面的每一个细节。 我非常佩服原作者的地方是：他花费了大量的时间精力来作图，用许多简单易懂的图片解释了很多问题。这是非常非常不容易的事情。而且网页的排版很精美，这个很牛逼。
当然，也有很多其他的大师发表自己的经验，我从下面几篇文章中受益匪浅，这里也推荐给大家了：
【1】ericqian7教你如何确定球队战术、如何进行战术分析……（2月12日凌晨有更新）
http://www.playgm.cn/thread-722615-1-1.html
【2】从小白到大师--教你最先进的战术理念
http://tieba.baidu.com/p/2825842853
【3】常有晴2014专贴-2L调整,3L针对3后卫阵型和客场翻盘阵
http://www.playgm.cn/thread-718572-1-1.html
本帖最后由 azk2013 于 2014-2-13 22:07 编辑
沙发占了，继续搬砖吧，送给有决心自己做战术的朋友
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Creating a Successful Football Manager 2014 Tactic
Welcome to this fundamental Football Manager guide which is focused on how to create a tactic in FM14. I presume many of you have already downloaded one or more Football Manager 2014 Tactics from the Steam Workshop, perhaps tried our bestFootball Manager 2014 Attacking tactic Cobra 3-6-1.
On the other hand, perhaps you're like us, who want to create a successful tactic based on your own ideas and football philosophies. This guide will help you to be better in finding your own dream tactical system, and let you understand how to create the best tactics for your managing club. Since teams and most importantly players will have their own sets of characteristics you will often be forced to alter downloaded tactics so they suit your club. A good manager will need to play to the teams strengths and hide any weaknesses with tactical instructions.
A good manager will also need to unite individual payers into a team tactic in order to get success. So what's required of you in order to create the best tactics for Football Manager 2014? How shall you go about in order to analyze your team and choose the preferred playing style according to the team strengths? And finally how do YOU like to play football? Attacking football, Possession football, Counter-attacking football or just parking the bus? Or do you like to play a little of all depending on opposition? These are the main questions you'll need to ask yourself before starting to create your excellent FM14 tactic.
I presume you're playing Football Manager 2014 at this very moment, and you finally come to match day. You might be favorite to win over a mid-table struggling team. The difference between success and failure in these situations, and for any Football Manager Match for that matter, can come down to the essential part of football managing - your tactic.
For many years now, we've been used to tactical creation through use of the so-called 'sliders', where we could adjust every single detail of how a team and player would behave. With this years FM14 release the sliders are gone. They're replaced with instructions for teams and players, something much closer to real life tactical creation. For everyone that struggles with that, or tactic creation in general - this is the perfect guide for you. We will take you through the most basic principles for creating a tactic in Football Manager 2014. Enjoy!
Main Questions for any Tactical Creations1. How do you want to play?The core question you need to ask yourself when creating your tactic is "how do i want my team to play"?. This is essential, as your general ideas about what kind of football you want to play will be reflected in the issued team and player instructions. This will be the difference between playing a deep, disciplined counter attacking system like Jose Mourinho, the old-school 4-4-2 of Tony Pulis at Stoke or the modern pressing systems utilised by German teams. Forging an idea in mind comes down to:
[*]Your own idea of how you want to play
[*]How much shall I adapt the tactic according to opponents weaknesses or strengths (which will of course be necessary to a degree in order to get something out of the match),
[*]or play the same system regardless of opponents
[*]Players available and their skills
[*]Match Conditions (pitch surface and weather conditions)
2. The Formation
Every tactical system is described as a formation, based on what positions you put your players in; how many players are in defense, midfield and attack. The most common and popular are 4-4-2, 4-2-3-1 or 4-3-3 and their different variations. (Most recently, 3-5-2 also become more popular). By uisng the tactic creator, you will have 24 formations to choose from, already setup with player roles and duties that fits. But this can of course be altered to your preferences.
How you set up your tactic will depend on your playing style or what players you have at your disposal. This can be extremely flexible, as same player roles can be utilised in different positions on the pitch. Every formation has its flaws and plusses. Wingers will thrive in a 4-4-2 but can be exposed by overwhelming your central midfielders, while a 4-1-2-1-2 diamond would give you considerable advantage in the middle of the park, but can exploit your lack of width. Normally it's often a question of where you want an extra man; do you want an extra man in the middle of the park or in attack or defense. This will also be a question of utilising your squad strength based on where you have the best player(s).
Ultimately, most people have their favourite formations, and if you have one as well - start by using it. If you don't have a favourite formation, try adjusting it to fit your team or playing style. There's no limits to what formation you can come up with, as long as it performs!
There are two main options when creating a tactic:
- Create a tactic and formation which you will need players to fit within, making it a long term prjoect for success,
- or use the players at your disposal as the foundation for success is already there.
Setting up the formation is just one of the main keys in order to find a balanced approach between defending, counter attacking and attacking. Selecting a formation should also be based on the players you possess, trying to utilize their strength and neglect any weaknesses. As every Football Manager formation is based on different player roles and individuals with their own characteristics (read player preferred moves) it's important to select player roles that fit one another. We will come back to this in the future.
First, it's important to analyze your squad, find any weaknesses and put focus on its strengths when creating a tactic. This will also be where you discover if it will be a long term project for success, or if the foundation is already there. You can read more about analyzing your squad below.
3. Fluidity and Mentality: Unpredictability vs Tactical IntelligenceThe two basic things to adjust, after deciding on a formation are how fluid you want your team to be, in terms of positional play and what mentality you wish to take. It will be a matter of choosing a football philosophy which balance predictability compared to each players tactical intelligence. While the fluidity will affect your formations shape and how many players you'd like to contribute in defensive and attacking phases of play, the mentality will affect how you like your players to behave according to each specific match plan. This means that while the fluidity is normally stable throughout a season, the mentality will need to be alter acccording to opposition pre-match and adapted according to match incidents.
3.1 Fluidity - Predictability and Shape
Choosing the preferred fluidity will influence on the playing style, the shape of the formation when defending and attacking, and last but not least players responsibilities in match situations according to their player role duties. A more rigid approach will let you dictate more facets of a players' role than choosing a fluid approach. There are five different fluidity levels to pick from:
Very Rigid - With this approach, each player is expected to focus on a single phase of play within a very rigid system. Defenders are responsible only for the defensive phase, midfielders are only responsible for the transition phase and attackers are only responsible for the attacking phase. The team will be expected to keep its shape at all times, playing very precise, controlled football with players allowed very little creative freedom. The playing style might be very predictable, which is great for a defensive approach, as the players will stick to the formation chosen.
A very rigid playing style requires less of the players than a more fluid playing style. Players will in general require better teamwork, positioning and anticipation in order to keep its shape. This fluidity is more about the overall team players and their individual player attributes when choosing player roles within a very rigid playing style.
Rigid - With this approach, players are expected to contribute to fewer phases of play than with a Balanced philosophy. Central defenders are responsible only for the defensive phase. The fullbacks and more defensive midfielders are responsible for both defensive and transition phases. The wingers and more attacking midfielders are responsible for both transition and attacking phases. The forwards are responsible only for the attacking phase. The team will be expected to keep its shape and play precise, controlled football with players allowed less creative freedom.
A rigid playing style will require more of the individual players in terms of improved technical skills such as defenders will also require improved off the ball, decisions and anticipation than a very rigid style.
Balanced - With this approach, players are expected to contribute to more than one phase of play. Defenders and more defensive midfielders are responisble for both defensive and transition phases and more attacing midfielders and forwards are responsible for both transition and attack phases. The team will find balance between movement of players within the system and keeping its shape, which is the preferred option for many playing styles.
A balanced style will demand more creativity and technical attributes for defenders as well as improved defensive attributes for supporting players of the attacking line. By choosing a balanced approach you will be able to let some players of the attacking line to roam from position in order to be more unpredictable when attacking, compared to a very rigid style.
Fluid - With this approach, players are expected to contribute to more phases of play than with the Balanced philosophy. The team is split into broad attacking and defensive units with the more creative players responsible for the attacking phase and the more defensively disciplined players responsible for the defensive phase. However, players from each unit are expected to move into the transition phase when such opportunity arises. The team will be encouraged to play more flowing football with players allowed more creative freedom.
A fluid style will demand far more of your players as they will require improved creativity, flair and technical attributes as well as off the ball and positioning. Players will also require better anticipation and positioning in order to support players who are attacking, for example by dropping back in order to protect the defensive line.
Very Fluid - With this approach, all players are expected to contribute to all phases of play within a very fluid system. Attackers must be able to defend and defenders must be able to attack, with players relying on their reading of the game and each other's movement to shift in and out of each phase at the right moment. The team will be encouraged to play free-flowing football with players allowed high levels of creative freedom, similar to the Total Football.
A very fluid approach will be more unpredictable and demanding of your players as each player will require both improved defensive attributes as well as more attacking attributes in additional to flair. A more fluid style will make it more likely to experiment with "weird" formations and player positionings, as shape is less important for a far more unpredictable attack.
What you finally land on, will be fundamental to how your team plays. Will you give your players all the freedom they want and play total football, or will you be determined and disciplined with a rigid approach? What you choose is down to what you like best. But your choice should be based on your squads technical and tactical understanding and their level of creativity. Typically, it might be a good idea to play more rigid if you use alot of specialist roles(regista, defensive winger, box-to-box midfielder, shadow striker) so they obey the tactical instructions better. This is, however, not a given rule and can be experimented with as you wish.
3.2 Match Tactic Mentality
The match mentality dictates how defensive or attacking your tactics are. It's worthy to change the tactics mentality in the course of the match according to how the match develops; based on specific incidents, match conditions and play according to the opposition weaknesses and your team strengths. It will dictate how the team performs and the general guidelines for the team both for achieving its aims or regulate its play. The levels of mentality are as follows:
Contain - The aim of this mentality is to frustrate the opposition by reducing space, slowing things down, keeping the ball, wasting the time as much as possible and to clear the ball long when out of risk-free options. Unlike the Defensive Match mentality, it is not looking to score on the counter-attack, just not to concede. As possession and frustration is the priority, more players than ususal will be kept behind the ball.
Defensive - This mentality is best employed for matches you are expected to lose and in which you expect your opponent to put you under extended pressure. It aims to keep men behind the ball, restrict space in your half, to slow things down and to frustrate your opposition. It relies on direct balls to the forwards followed by sharp and quick passing to score goals on the counter.
Counter - This mentality is best employed for matches in which you are expected to lose the battle for possession but feel you can break with some regularity. It aims to keep men behind the ball when defending but to provide quick support to attacking players when the ball is in the final third. It relies on getting the ball forward quickly enough to expose the spaces behind aggressive full-backs and wingers, with players tending to stay deeper and maintain defensive shape if the break looks like coming to nothing.
Standard - This is arguably the most important of all match mentalities. By carefully balancing risk and reward , it enables the manager to assess the match situation and how well the team is playing prior to switching to a more specialised tactical plan. It is an ideal starting mentality for all short-odds matches; by carefully watching the match the manager can decide to be more aggressive or cautious or to stick with the standard approach if things are going well.
Control - This mentality is best employed for matches in which you believe you are the stronger team but are wary of your opponent's counter-attacking threat. It aims to move the ball around the park and to patiently probe the final third to find space as and when it opens up. Although full-backs overlap and midfielders break ahead of forwards, they will generally only do so in relatively risk-free situations and will usually sit back and help the midfield maintain possession until chances open up.
Attacking - This mentality is best employed for matches that you are favourites to win and expect to dominate possession in your opponent's half. It aims to exploit the space in the final third by employing a fast tempo and direct, attacking passing suppoorted by a defensive mentality aimed at recycling possession. It focuses heavily on getting players forward and into space and allows them the creative freedom to express themselves.
Overload - This mentality is intended for situations where you need to go for broke to try to score a goal. It aims to overload the final-third by emploing ultra-fast tempo, ultra direct, attacking-orientated passing supported by a defensive mentality aimed at recycling possession. It focuses heavily on throwing players forward and into space to try to create goalscoring opportunities.So as you might've noticed both fluidity and mentality go together, although all combinations would work if balanced correctly. You will also notice that mentality and team instructions will influence each other. Using one mentality and some specific shouts will take the playing style to its most extreme, like what you want when re-creating the Tiki-Taka Barcelona are most famous from. Again, it is up to every manager to decide his playing style, or simply adjust it for single matches, but be aware that some adjustments might impact the team more than you could imagine. You will need to analyze the match in order to find what's most effective for you and your team in every single matches.
Choosing the mentality lets you go for all-out attack Zeman style, or the desperate defensive football we've seen from Chelsea in their run for the Champions League. The choice is up to you, but most importantly is that you choose an approach which suits your players, adapting it in order to try exploit opposition weaknesses and abandon those who make performances drop drastically.
Creating a successful tactic is an on-going process, as changes will need to be done throughout the season and in the seasons to come, as the AI managers get used to how you play. You might need 2 or 3 different approaches to pick from in order to combat that. While the tactic is always developing as new players are arriving and others are retiring, your preferred playing style can be somewhat the same. Targetting players required for your preferred playing style will make it less likely to make dramastically tweaks to your successful tactic.
Analyzing your Squad - Find Preferred Playing Style
Your players will of course be the primary objects in any tactic in order to make it successful. Their level of player attributes will determine their skills. Their strengths and weaknesses will not only influence on how you shall approach tactic creation, but also how you want your team to play. As you've learned above, your choice of fluidity and mentality will set requirements to the individual players as well as for the entire squad.
As you might understand each different playing style will require different skills and attributes. Analyzing your squad can make you one step closer to finding your preferred playing style, either its a short term solution or a long term development for success. Analyzing the squad will make you able to spot what you got or don't got in order to utilize your preferred playing style.
To help you become better at squad analysis we will use Juventus as an example to determine a playing style. We can look at the whole group (squad) and individuals and assistant managers recommendations in regard to player roles and best positions in order to get some feedbacks and tips for finding the best playing style. But a closer look is always important.Secondary Elements - General InformationWhen starting a new Football Manager save you will need to get familiar with your new club in order to create the best possible tactic. Not only will you need to sumbit to the boards preference for football philosophy but also get an overview of your entire squad and general information about your players in order to choose your playing style.
Average Height
Average height is not the most important aspect to look at when creating your Football Manager 2014 tactic, but it should be a general rule to look at it. The players average height may determine how you want to play. Choosing a tiki-taka playing style might not be smart if you possess tall players with much weight, which makes them less mobile. Of course this will depend on their position as well, but the average height might give you some hints of which playing style that suits your team.
As with the case of Juventus, we see that they have an average height of 182cm compared to Barcelonas 177. It may indicate that the squad in general is good in the air, which quickly turns my focus to utilizing crosses and attacking set-pieces as some of my weapons. From the screenshot above I have also highlighted average weight which in most cases are heavily linked, but this will also very much depend on each players height. A tall player like Fernando Torres, who weighs 81kg, is "one of few" who also possess very good technical attributes), so it's not a general rule.
Average Age
Another general information you might look at is the squads average age. Of course it will not be as important as each players ability and potential, but it might give you an indication of their tactical intelligence and how they will perform. A younger group of players will normally be less consistent, as performances might fluctuate, which is important to notice in regard to short term or long term development plan.
Assistant Manager's tip for suitable formation
As you will discover having an excellent assistant manager will be as important as having the best players at your service. His recommendation for most suitable formation for your current squad can give you some tips about which player roles the current team possesses and what's most suitable.
His recommendation of 4-1-3-2 is by now the most appealing to me. In order to see how accurate his recommendations are, a quick look at his staff profile indicates that he has excellent knowledge of the club players, but average level of tactical knowledge. His preferred formation is also 4-4-2 with a balanced playing mentality. When we know Juventus in real life is playing a 3-5-2, the 4-1-3-2 is somewhat different. Shall I listen to him or create my own formation and choose my own playing style?
Squad depth and Improved AnalysisIn order to find the answer to which formation and playing style to choose, I will need to analyse my squad and see if I have players who can play 4-1-3-2 or if there are other options available.
Players Natural Positions
By starting to look at players natural positions I can quickly see what choices I have with the current squad. This doesn't mean I can choose a downloaded tactic that I can fit players into in the long term, but if the squad has no natural fullbacks it wouldn't be smart to choose a 4-4-2 formation. On the other hand it would be smart to choose a 4-5-1 (4-1-4-1) if you possess good wingers and few natural strikers.
By taking a brief look at the Juventus squad I quickly spot the strenght of the central midfield with players like Andrea Pirlo, Arturo Vidal, Claudio Marchisio and one of the best Football Manager 2014 Wonderkids Paul Pogba. I also notice that Juventus only have two natural strikers, no obvious right wingers and many players who can both play as fullbacks or wide midfielders, where players like Stephan Lichtsteiner and Kwadwo Asamoah are the best ones. From the squad depth overview below the depth of central midfield and forwards gets even more obvious. Still 4-1-3-2 might be a good choice.
Squad Analysis of Formational lines: Defensive, Midfield and Attacking linesIn order to make a better judgement of formation and playing style to choose I will need to take an even closer look at the players and their overall skills. The squad report, which gave me the general information compared to the other clubs in the Serie A, can also give me information about some key attributes for all positions.
From the Team Comparison report I can see that my team is one of the best in the league. Juventus level of workrate and teamwork quickly draws my attention. Supplemented by passing, first touch and decisions I should be able to utilize a more direct passing style with more movement, as I have team players rather than individuals. From the average age you can also spot that the team is more mature and has good tactical intelligence.
Team Comparison Defence
Even though it only compares Serie A defenses it gives me valuable information about Juventus weakest areas in regard to attributes of the defensive line. What draws my focus first is the squads poor tackling and jumping reach. This tells me that my squad will be vulnerable for crosses and defensive set-pieces and may be vulnerable to fouls if playing aggressive football (see also aggressive in overall team comparison). The players do have excellent positioning, marking and strength which is important for a man marking style. Their level of acceleration and pace is also very good, so I might play with a higher defensive line, which will also be a natural attacking weapon.
Team Comparison Midfield
As mentioned briefly above, the midfield is the Juventus' strongest area. What draw my attention was the high stamina and high creativity. This will also be refelcted in the individual player analysis, but gives me strong indication that I have a team which suits a more fluid football philosophy with players who can work hard and tire out opposition.
The teams level of long shots can also be taken into account as I can be a threat from long range. The teams level of passing, technique and creativity can also make me able to play a short passing style or a direct passing style with more movement.
Team Comparison Attack
While Juventus' midfield could be described as the best in Serie A, the attacking line is more uneven. From the overview it looks like they're average in aerial situations based on level of jumping reach and heading. Not even the best finishing either, but should be able to threat from outside the penalty area with good long shots. The level of anticipation might emphasize a more fluid style with much movement.
The team comparison of attacking line doesn't directly give me the obvious solutions to playing style, so we will also need to look at individual player analysis in order to make a final decision.
Individual Player AnalysisIn order to make a successful tactic, the key is to utilize each players strength in regard to the overall team instructions and tactical playing style. Below we will only show you briefly how you can analyze an individual player to spot strengths and weaknesses.
Spotting the teams key player(s)
No matter which team you manage, there will always be a key player; a player who is far better than everyone else, or is important to the squad happiness and determination because of his leadership capabilities. One decision you'll be forced to take is to either create a tactic around that specific player or organize the team to increase the discipline and hide any weaknesses. In regard to our example, the most obvious player that could be regarded as a key player is Andrea Pirlo. Eventhough he's not getting any younger, he should be regarded as the main playmaker based on his level of passing, first touch, creativity, composure and anticipation. He also possess the player preferred moves dicates tempo and is suitable for the regista player role - DM position. So if we go by this solution, Pirlo will be our spare man when attacking, but in difference from other tactics, he will be in a deeper position.
Another excellent player is Arturo Vidal who can also play as DM, who also has excellent tackling, bravery and aggression. He could be a great choice as ball winning midfielder or even box to box midfielder based on his very good finishing - Central Midfield (MC) positioning.
Up front is Carlos Tevez, a player who is familiar with playing as the supporting striker in a 4-4-2 formation. His creativity and work rate would be excellent in the available space behind a lurking striker either as an AMC or ST.
These players are all players who play the best in the center of the pitch. With the lack of obvious wingers / inside forwards the attention shifts quickly to utilizing the midfield, playing to its strength - stamina, work rate, creativity and flair.
Seting up a formation based on Player abilities
Further analysis is needed, even though we might have 3 positions covered, in order to decide on the preferred formation and playing style. By taking a closer look on Fernando Llorente it's easy to spot his main strength - aerial situations based on his 195cm, 19 in jumping reach and 18 in heading. I could take advantage of his main strength from set-pieces or from crosses from wide. From the squad depth above you'll notice that the lack of good wingers and inside forwards forces me to either use wide midfielders or (complete) wingbacks. This decision is based on Paolo de Ceglie, Kwadwo Asamoah and Stephan Lichtsteiners average tackling. Their stamina, work rate and speed on the other hand is very good. This forces me to use a crooked and narrow 4-1DM-3-2 formation or a narrow 3-5-2 formation with wider midfielders which can turn into a diamond in the center of the park.
As you will see some choices might come natural to you. I won't get any further analyzing the squad but what I finally decided on was to use a 3-5-2 / 5-3-2 formation with players who control the middle of the park, and which most often provide much spaces for an overlapping complete wingback out wide. I chose a back two in order to use Asamoah, Pirlo, Vidal, Pogba and later Marchisio when injury free, and decided to use a more "defensive" left wingback with the likes of Paolo de Ceglie.
When setting up the team tactic you can use the player role overview to get recommendations of their best player roles, and use that recommendation when setting up your tactic. Do know that it's important to try to balance your team by assigning attack, defend and support duties in each of your lines. This means that you have players who can contribute to more phases of play still when choosing a more rigid style.
Football Manager Team Instructions - Analyzing the Different Shouts of FM14
Choosing a Playing StyleWhen deciding on your preferred formation, it's time to chose the preferred playing style of your new Football Manager tactic. Sometimes the decision will come by itself based on your managing team; the overall squad analysis done by going through all players in order to get a better knowledge of their skills (player attributes and player preferred moves).
Choosing a playing style is done by setting up team instructions and individual player instructions based on mentality chosen. Creating a tactic is also the case of risk versus reward, unpredictability versus efficiency and finally adapting it throughout the match in order to exploit weaknesses.
In the case above I decided to use complete wingbacks which should provide the width of the tactic with players who run off their markers just like rockets of a fighter aircraft. It's a big risk to be counter attacked on the flanks when facing 4-2-3-1 formations, but the reward by providing that extra width can be higher. In order to tire the opposition out, I decided to use a direct passing play with much movement and crosses into the box.
Playing Styles in FootballA successful tactic is most often the case of choosing a playing style rather than trying to exploit bugs within the match engine. Your playing style will be closely linked to strategy, reflected by mentality. Below we will just go briefly through the most common playing styles in todays football.
Possession football is one of the playing styles closest to my heart. It can be described as a way of holding the ball in order to retain condition and tire out the opposition through low risk short passes. When speaking about possession football, I guess everyones mind goes to the Barcelonas Tiki-Taka tactic. This playing style aims to keep control of the ball with a slow build-up before shifting quickly to a higher tempo with through balls to inside forwards who cut inside. It will be a fine line between patience and movement, passing and creativity.
Possession football demands more of your players, where some of the keys are technique and passing. You can read more about the tiki-taka playing style here. Possession tactics most often uses a 4-3-3, 4-4-2, 4-3-1-2 or any other formations which creates triangles and rhombes, which create multiple passing options in front of the player with possession of the ball.
Counter-Attacking football could be described as the complete opposite of possession football. Here you let the opponent have possession of the ball, letting them come to your own half before catch the opponent on the "break", either by waiting for a mistake to be made or by physical play; tackling and marking. While possession football is well-known for it's heavy pressure, counter attacking football pressures deeper on the pitch hoping to intercept passing play or win possession of the ball when the team is unbalanced.
Counter attacking football is more direct than possession football, and aims to catch the opponent off-guard by higher tempo and more movement in order to work the ball on the quickest way towards the opponents penalty area. Counter-atacking football will demand other attributes than when playing a possession football. Players would require more acceleration and pace, off the ball, dribbling and flair in order to exploit the unorganized defense and enter the final third aiming for a goal or come to a clear cut chance. Players will also require excellent anticipation, decisions and determination in order to intercept moves at the right time.
Counter attacking tactics can use many variations of formations but is most often used for 4-2-3-1, 4-5-1 or 4-1-4-1 tactics, where you have a lone striker who drops deep in order to receive and flick the ball to an on-rushing central midfielder who might have intercepted or regained possession of the ball some steps back. While the most famous possession tactic is the tiki-taka, the most famous counter-attacking or score-one-more-than-the-opposition tactic is the catenaccio, which used a roaming sweeper.
Direct Passing Football resembles the counter attacking football, but involves a more lenient to utilizing vertical passes to get from defence to attack quickly without involving too many players. A direct play would often use long balls from defensive line to a target man with midfield who supports him. While possession football uses short passes, the direct passing play will prefer to pass the ball over longer distance with diagonal passes to a better positioned teammate who can get the ball into the final third quicker. Players will require better first touch and technique in order to utilize passes over a longer distance.
Direct passing play will not let players dwell on the ball but use high tempo as the main attacking weapon often using touches of counter-attacking football. Direct passing play can be used no matter formation. While players within a possession football style tend to pass the ball to a fellow teammates feet (no risk), a direct playing style will pass the ball into space, in front of the team mate, often making the team able to exploit space by movement and passes.
Parking the buss or anti-football is taking football to it most extreme by outnumbering the attacking opposition with 10 men behind the ball (at all times), with a lone striker up front which can turn defending into attack depending on whats most convinient. The anti-football is most often compared to an aggressive, physical and robust style of play with defensive minded players who mark out opponents key players and decrease the space to exploit.
It's not a playing style per se, but similar to the direct passing football, it can be used from time to time, or in general, in order to both defend and attack with less risk. While counter-attacking football is both defensive and attacking, and together with direct passing play uses higher risks to achieve results, the anti-football will be more about defending than attacking and play effecient football based on less risky play. It will try to use physical football, tactical intelligence, team work and player positioning in order to park the bus; often defending deeply with deep pressure from the central midfielders. As all Norwegians we're used to the playing style from the golden years of the Norwegian national team under our manager-legend Egil "Drillo" Olsen.
Anti-football will most often use variants of both short and long passes - depending on what's most efficient and less risky - when attacking. The team will attack with fewer players then what's natural from the other playing styles above. The anti-football will demand a united team with high tactical understanding, good positioning and much strength. They don't need to be speedy, but make the correct decisions and tire out the opposition by decreasing their confidence and use work rate and aggression to make them prone to do mistakes late in game. This playing style is often used for minor teams with more mature players (see also West Ham or Celtic).
As you will see, the best teams often use variations of all the above playing styles depending on scoreline, pitch conditions, weather conditions, players condition and specific opponents in order to exploit weaknesses and play according to their strength. Choosing your preferred playing style should be the primary aim when creating your tactic - how can I get the best out of every player on my team - not only perfecting the style of your key player. When deciding on your tactic, it will be a matter of decisions which needs to be taken balancing between risk and reward, predictability in defense and unpredictability in attack, discipline and flow and at last player positioning versus movement - making the tactic better than the players you possess.
Creating a world beating tactic in Football Manager 2014 will be more difficult than ever! You will need to analyze the match, you will need to let your players be accustomed to the tactic and you will need to understand which players roles that works best with each other. Using more than one preferred tactic will of course be needed in order to change playing style according to opposition - shifting through 2 or more tactics in the long season. By taking advantage of the tools available, such as setting up match preparations according to opposition strength or weaknesses with the aim of making the tactical familiarity levels fluid - which shows you how well the players understand the tactical instructions.
By using the available tools in FM14, you can create a superior tactic! In the coming weeks, we will delve deeper into the art of creating a successful Football Manager tactics! We'd love to get your personal tips on tactical creation for FM14 below!
跪求大神翻译~~~ 送10000 PGB
azk2013 发表于 2014-2-13 21:40 static/image/common/back.gif
沙发占了，继续板砖吧
正在做那个心态梯子理论的翻译，，简直就是巨坑。。我做完那个，就接手这个吧，，不管别人做不做，我会做出自己的版本。。雷锋侠，你好久不出现在群里了。。我依然怀念你的自由人打法。。14加油啊 376904903 发表于 2014-2-13 21:43 static/image/common/back.gif
正在做那个心态梯子理论的翻译，，简直就是巨坑。。我做完那个，就接手这个吧，，不管别人做不做，我会做 ...
今天给frankng发了那个数据统计的入组考核，，开始翻译心态梯子。。一晚上才2000字，明天家里来亲戚。。目测5天能完工。。我准备做完一部分就贴一部分，，来个连载。。 13用了你的阵爱不释手，14消失了 咋回事呢？ 我满怀兴奋的点开，一看惊呆了，一堆E文
三国玩好了？:) 雷锋侠，可有翻译的计划？ azk你终于出来冒泡了，哈哈，支持支持 本帖最后由 hartnett 于 2014-2-14 16:24 编辑
冠军足球经理基础导论将讨论如何创建FM14的战术。我相信你们中的很多人已经下载了很多来自网上的FM14战术，也可能已经试过了我们最好的FM2014战术corbia3-6-1.
另外，你也或许像我们一样喜欢自己去创建一个融入了自己想法和足球理念的成功战术。这个导论就是帮助你更好地实现自己梦想中的战术系统，还有让你懂得如何创建最适合你所管理的球队的战术。一个优秀的玩家必须能扬长避短，合零为整来克敌制胜。那么为了创造出fm14最好的足球战术你需要怎么做呢？你需要选择怎样的战术风格来发挥出球队的优势呢？最后你又如何让球队展现出你喜欢的足球风格，是进攻，控制，防守反击或者摆大巴？还是说你会根据不同对手来制定相应战术？这些都需要你在开始创建战术前需要想好的几个重要问题。
我相信当你在玩fm14最关键的时刻是，终于等来了比赛日，你又如愿以偿地险胜了一只中游荡荡的球队。其实这场比赛输赢的结果（包括所有fm14里面的比赛），都是取决于足球管理的重要组成部分-你的战术。
多年以来，我们一直通过使用所谓的“滑杆”来创造战术，在这里我们可以调整一个团队和每一位球员的任何细节。但是FM14取消了滑块功能，取而代之的是球队和球员的指令，这让战术创造更贴近于现实生活。如何帮助大家应对这些改变来创造战术——这就是完美指南的终极目的。我们将通过最基本的准则，带你在足球经理2014的世界里来享受创建策略的快感！
首先，一些创建战术的主要问题。“我想让我的球队如何踢”？
在你创建战术的过程中，你需要问自己最核心的问题是“我想让我的球队如何踢”？这是至关重要的，因为你想踢什么样足球的总体思路将体现在球队和球员的指令中。这将决定你的球队是像穆里尼奥一样踢快速回防、强调纪律的反击战术还是如托尼.普利斯在斯托克踢的老派4-4-2战术，或者像德国队更现代感的踢法。在心中锻造一个想法归结为以下几点：
1、 你想踢什么样的足球？
2、 如何适当的根据对手的弱点或优势来调整我的战术。
3、 或者用同一套战术体系来应付对手。
4、 球员的属性和技能。
5、 比赛的条件。（比赛场地和气候条件）。
每一个战术体系被描述为一个基于什么位置放什么球员，多少球员分布在防线，中场，攻击线上的阵型。最常见和最流行的有4-4-2，4-2-3-1或者4-3-3以及它们的衍生阵型（当前3-5-2也成为一种主流）。在使用战术编辑器的时候，你有24种默认的战术阵型可选择，这些阵型都已经设置好了合适的球员角色和职责分配。当然，你也可以根据自己的喜好来调整。
设置什么样的战术取决于你的比赛风格和手里的球员特点。这可以是非常灵活的，因为同一个球员可以在不同的位置上来使用。每一个阵型都有其缺陷和优点。例如4-4-2阵型的边路很强大，但是中场会暴露出被压制的问题。4-1-2-1-2钻石阵的中路具有相当优势，但是缺乏宽度的利用。通常情况下总会面临一个问题，哪条线上需要增派额外的球员，是中场，进攻还是防守。换句话说，这也是基于你最好的球员在哪条线上去发挥球队实力的一个问题。
通常，大多数人有自己喜欢的阵型，如果你已经有一个了，那将是个良好的开端。如果你没有喜欢的阵型，那么试着利用你球队和球员的风格来做出调整。只要能用，这里对你想出来的阵型不会有任何的限制。
创建战术时，有两个主要的选择：
创建出一套战术或者阵型，是需要你的球员能适应的，这是一项长期的伟业。
看完頭暈眼花.... LS大神加紧翻 翻译接龙啊。。。。 辛苦辛苦，找到好文共同学习
也感谢楼主抬举看的起收文:victory: 支持一下，阵型很多，但是纯指导性的文章很少。
期待翻译:)
慢慢翻吧。。手上目前有翻心态梯子 、这个、莱科宁那个14训话指南的计划，，3个基本都是巨坑。。下周开始学车，还要准备考试。。慢工出细活吧 建议版主把这帖子转到技术区，让有能力的人都看到，群策群力完成翻译。
留名收藏，lz推荐的其他几个帖子也都很不错 很全很详细 感谢LZ的分享 最近工作比较忙啊......估计是没时间了，我看坛子里有真正的翻译大神出现了呀~~~~话说你是玩三国志？
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